Chemical Formula
Fe, <0.12% C, 16-18% Cr, <0.75% Ni, <1.0% Mn, <1.0% Si, <0.040% P, <0.030% S
Introduction
Stainless steel grade 430 is a non-hardenable steel containing straight chromium, and belongs to the ferritic group of steels. It can be used in certain chemical applications due to its resistance to nitric acid.
Grade 434 has similar properties as grade 430, although it is a molybdenum-bearing version. The molybdenum content enhances its corrosion resistance.
Composition
The chemical compositions of various elements of grade 430 stainless steels are tabulated below.
GradeN | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | N |
430 | min. max. | - 0.12 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.030 | 16 18 | - 0.50 |
430F | min. max. | - 0.12 | - 1.25 | - 1 | - 0.06 | 0.15 - | 16 18 | - |
Physical Properties
The following table outlines the physical properties of grade 430 stainless steels.
Grade | Density (kg/m3) | Elastic Modulus (GPa) | Electrical Resistivity (nΩ.m) |
0-100°C | 0-315°C | 0-538°C | |
430 | 7750 | 200 | 26.1 |
430F | 7750 | 200 | 26.1 |
Grade Specification Comparison
A comparison of grade specifications for 430 stainless steels is given in the following table.
Grade | UNS No | Old British | Swedish SS | Japanese JIS | ||
BS | En | No | ||||
430 | S43000 | 430S17 | 1.4016 | X8Cr17 | 2320 | SUS 430 |
430F | S43020 | - | 1.4104 | X12CrMoS17 | 2383 | SUS 430F |
Possible Alternative Grades
Suitable alternative grades that can be chosen instead of grade 430 stainless steelgrades that can be chosen instead of grade 430 stainless steel are listed in the table below.
Grade | Reasons for choosing 430 |
430F | Higher machinability than 430 is needed in bar product, and reduced corrosion resistance is acceptable |
434 | Better pitting resistance is required |
The corrosion resistance is maximized in well-polished or buffed condition. Its pitting and crevice corrosion resistance is quite similar to that of grade 304. 430F is a high-sulfur free machining grade, and therefore the resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion is comparatively lesser than those grades that are non-free machining.
Heat Resistance
Stainless steel grade 430 is capable of resisting oxidation up to 870°C (1598°F) in intermittent usage, and up to 815°C (1499°F) in continuous usage.
Heat Treatment
Solution annealing can be performed by heating stainless steel grade 430 to 815 - 845°C (1499-1553°F). Then it has to be slow furnace cooled to 600°C (1112°F) and followed by air-cooling in a quick manner - as slow cooling between 540 and 400°C (1004 and 752°F) tends to cause embrittlement.
This stainless steel cannot be hardened by thermal treatment.
Welding
To perform any welding, stainless steel grade 430 has to be pre-heated at 150-200°C (302-392°F). In case of embrittlement in the welded metal, the particular area can be post-weld annealed at 790-815°C (1454-1499°F); however grain refinement will not happen.
It is possible for grade 430 wire to handle rigorous cold heading. Sub-critical intermediate annealing may be required for extreme cold working.
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